That study showed that the paper-based assay could, in 15 minutes, provide visual measurements of AST and ALT in whole blood or serum which allowed the user to place those values into one of three readout “bins” (<3x upper limit of normal [ULN], 3–5x ULN, and >5x ULN, corresponding to familiar clinical thresholds for TB and HIV treatment monitoring, e.g. [1], [2]) with >90% accuracy as compared to automated methods [3]. The gene discussed is GPT; the disease is tuberculosis.