PTEN and Familial prostate cancer: Using a tissue microarray (TMA) made up of prostate adenocarcinoma and patient-matched benign adjacent biopsy cores from 27 prostate cancer patients, we determined that in the patients whose tumor AC immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining was elevated compared their benign AC score (benign AC score: .325, adenocarcinoma AC score: 2.55, p<.001) (Figure 1A), the percentage of PTEN in the nuclei of the specimens (100*nuclear PTEN score/(cytoplasmic + nuclear PTEN score) was decreased in adenocarcinoma tissue (benign nuclear PTEN: 40.9%, adenocarcinoma nuclear PTEN: 6.25%, p<.05) (Figure 1B).