AGER and Alzheimer disease: RAGE is also known to bind other ligands, such as the Aβ peptide, which is implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease [2,3], the S100 family of proinflammatory cytokine-like mediators [4], Mac1 integrin [5], other amyloidogenic peptides [6–8], the DNA-binding protein amphoterin [9], lipopolysaccharides [10], and phosphatidyloserine [11].