Examples of intracellular inhibitors of the innate immune system including the steroid biosynthetic enzyme 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase that reduces the VACV-specific CD8+ T cell response to infection [75], [76], B14 that binds to IKKβ and thereby inhibits activation of NF-κB [11], C6 that inhibits activation of IRF3 by interacting with adaptor proteins involved in the activation of TBK1 [19] and which suppresses the immune responses to infection [77], [78]. This evidence concerns the gene CD8A and infection.