Several studies have demonstrated an increase in cofilin amounts or in activity (dephosphorylated form) in cancer cells including cell lines derived from T-cell lymphoma (Jurkat) and carcinomas from the cervix (HeLa), colon (KM12), liver (HepG2) and kidney (COS1) [30], and in clinical tumor samples of oral squamous-cell carcinoma [31], renal cell carcinoma [32] and ovarian cancer [33]. The gene discussed is CFL1; the disease is cancer.