According to two studies by Fonarow et al. based on data from OPTIMIZE-HF (The Organized Program to Initiate Lifesaving Treatment in Hospitalized Patients With Heart Failure) and IMPROVE HF (Primary results of the Registry to Improve the Use of Evidence-Based Heart Failure Therapies in the Outpatient Setting cohort), use of guideline recommended therapies, including discharge instructions, assessment of left ventricular function, ACE inhibitors or angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) and betablockers at discharge, was associated with lower mortality [10,27]. The gene discussed is ACE; the disease is heart failure.