In total, 15 genes were upregulated in HCC, including THBS1 (Thrombospondin 1), IGFBP3 (insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3), GPRASP1 (G protein-coupled receptor associated sorting protein 1), DPT (dermatopontin), and MMP2. The other 14 genes were downregulated in HCC, and included TUBG1 (tubulin, gamma 1), CDKN2C (Cyclin-dependent kinase 4 inhibitor C), CDKN2A and RRM2 (ribonucleotide reductase M2). Here, TUBG1 is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.