In addition to other reports of participants with FOXP2 disruptions, some to all of whom had suspected CAS[21-24], several recent reports using contemporary inclusion criteria to identify CAS and other motor speech disorders have replicated and extended the speech-language and neurocognitive phenotype associated with FOXP2. A two-part study series of a mother and daughter with CAS and a breakpoint in a balanced 7;13 translocation disrupting FOXP2 reported speech profiles consistent with both apraxia and dysarthria[20,25]. Here, FOXP2 is linked to apraxia.