GADD45A and systemic lupus erythematosus: The molecular mechanisms that mediate gene demethylation in SLE CD4+  T cell are not fully understood, but it is possible that growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible gene (Gadd45a/Gadd45) may contribute since increased expression of Gadd45a gene has been shown to repress DNA methylation, and factors that induce lupus flare such as ultraviolet have been shown to promote DNA demethylation in SLE CD4+  T cells [5–7].