For this aim the expression and subcellular localization of VRK1 and VRK2 proteins was determined in three glioblastoma cell lines, A172, LN18 and LN229 by immunofluorescence (Additional file 6: Figure S2), and the pattern detected was similar to that observed in astrocytoma biopsies. This evidence concerns the gene VRK2 and astrocytoma (excluding glioblastoma).