TH and Dystonia: In PD patients, rare large genomic duplications or deletions have also been observed in the PD genes SNCA (PARK1) (Singleton et al. 2003), Parkin (PARK2) (Kitada et al. 1998), and DJ1 (PARK7) (Bonifati et al. 2003a) and in a gene that causes dystonia/infantile parkinsonism, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) (Bademci et al. 2010).