Consistent with in vitro cytotoxicity results, the volume (mm3) of xenografted tumors injected with the AuNP-αRNA I-Cy3-5′BAX mRNA conjugate was decreased significantly to 40% of the tumor volume in controls treated with AuNP-αRNA I-Cy3-5′BAX-null mRNA (Figure 4A). Here, BAX is linked to neoplasm.