There is an emerging evidence supporting the role of miRNAs in modulating sensitivity to anticancer therapy, and miR-34a and miR-34b/c family in particular has been associated to prostate cancer survival and drug sensitivity.50, 51, 52, 53 We recently demonstrated that USP2a switches on Myc expression via miR-34b/c regulation.19 The ability to affect c-Myc level by miR has its functional relevance in the regulation of apoptosis and response to chemotherapy. The gene discussed is MYC; the disease is prostate carcinoma.