CAV1 and lipodystrophy: Lipodystrophies have also been noted in humans and animals lacking either cavin-1 or caveolin-1 (Cao et al., 2008; Kim et al., 2008; Liu et al., 2008; Hayashi et al., 2009; Asterholm et al., 2012) and the association of cavin-3 with cavin-1 and caveolin-1 (Bastiani et al., 2009) combined with the dependence of cavin-3 protein on cavin-1 and caveolin-1 (Figure 6) suggests that these lipodystrophies are caused by a common mechanism.