Although several antiparkinsonian drugs such as dopamine agonists[7], [8], [9], [10], [16], monoamine oxidase B inhibitor [14] (only selegiline is available in Japan to date), amantadine [12] or entacapone/levodopa/carbidopa [15] are nominated for causes of AP, they were not significant risk factors in our study. The gene discussed is MAOB; the disease is alkaline phosphatase measurement.