YBX1 and hepatocellular carcinoma: With this assay, the serum levels of YB-1 in HCC was 33.0 ± 23.39 μg/L, which was significantly higher than the levels in samples obtained from healthy volunteers (13.2 ± 5.29 μg/L, P < 0.0001), patients with HBV (17.9 ± 7.49 μg/L, P = 0.0003), and patients with HBV cirrhosis (20.7 ± 8.75 μg/L, P < 0.05).