ATF3 and neoplasm: Interestingly, a limited number of proteins have been shown to be targets of NDRG1, including proteins associated with tumor growth and metastasis, such as Thtpa, cathepsin C, ATF3 [58], p53 [16,59], E-cadherin [60], the molecular chaperons Hsc70 [61] and Hsp90 [29], and the lipid-related proteins ApoAI and ApoAII [62].