In patients with a TRAPS-like disease, characterized by clinical features consistent with TRAPS but no mutation in the TNFRSF1A gene [42], circulating miRNA expression profiling could potentially become useful as a diagnostic signature, opening the way to a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying this complex phenotype, Moreover, our data suggest that serum miRNA levels could be taken into future consideration for monitoring the response to treatment in TRAPS patients. This evidence concerns the gene TNFRSF1A and TNF receptor 1-associated periodic fever syndrome.