Abdoul et al., 2008 examined the association between serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level and sustained virological response (SVR) in 93 chronic hepatitis C patients and found that the SVR rate was much higher among patients with serum AFP levels below rather than above a median value of 5.7 ng/ml, denoting that serum AFP should be added to the list of factors predictive of treatment response in chronic hepatitis C (33). The gene discussed is AFP; the disease is chronic hepatitis C virus infection.