STAT1 and neoplasm: Many experimental data have shown that high expression of IFN-induced genes, including STAT1 itself, promotes tumour growth, metastasis, and resistance to chemotherapy and radiation (Khodarev et al, 2004, 2007, 2009, 2012; Rickardson et al, 2005; Roberts et al, 2005; Luszczek et al, 2010).