HMGB1 and Sepsis: Furthermore, inactivation of HMGB1 using an anti-HMGB1 monoclonal antibody (McAb) or short hairpin RNA-mediated HMGB1 has already been shown to be effective in various animal models of cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, myocardial infarction, hepatic ischemia, acute pancreatitis, hemorrhagic shock, and sepsis [23,39–44].