For example, the components of the mTOR pathway are upregulated after seizures (Macias et al., 2013) and, most importantly, inhibition of mTOR by rapamycin may ameliorate the development of epilepsy-related pathology and reduce the expression of spontaneous seizures in TLE models (Zeng et al., 2009; Huang et al., 2010). Here, MTOR is linked to epilepsy.