NEDD9 and cancer: Although NEDD9 was initially first identified as one of new genes expressed by neural precursor cells but down-regulated following fetal development [3], several current studies found that NEDD9 overexpression, as oncogenic signaling abnormalities, was associated with cancer metastasis in breast cancer [6,20,21], glioblastoma [9], melanoma [10] and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) [13], as well as linked to drug resistance in gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) [22].