CXCL5 and infection: This study identified that in response to LPS or PROK1 treatment, fetal membrane Cxcl2 expression was more highly up-regulated than Cxcl5. Both are potent neutrophil CXC chemokines known to increase in response to LPS/infection in rodents and humans (Keelan et al. 2004, Harju et al. 2005).