It was first described as inflammation activating receptor in 2000 by a group of Swiss researchers, that is, A. Bouchon, J. Dietrich и Colonna M. J. A characteristic feature of TREM-1, which makes it attractive for SIRS research, is its ability to activate all effector functions of the congenital immune system and multiply cytokine production if stimulated together with the main receptors of the congenital immune system (toll-like receptors and Nod-like receptors) [4]. The gene discussed is TREM1; the disease is systemic inflammatory response syndrome.