TNF and neoplasm: In addition, ex vivo incubation of TAM with exosomes from EGCG-treated 4T1 cells skewed polarized these macrophages away from the tumor-promoting M2- to a tumor-inhibiting M1-like phenotype, as evidenced by down-regulated the expression of IL-6 and TGF-β, but up-regulated TNF-α expression (Figure 2B).