The most significant agreement was seen for the set of genes induced by IL-4 and IL-13 in cultured human bronchial epithelial cells [20] (ROAST p-value for up-regulation 0.009), and for the set of genes inhibited by IL-13 in human airway epithelial cells [3] (ROAST p-value for down-regulation 0.008) (Figure S5 in File S1) thereby suggesting a common Th2 cytokine-dependent gene signature across cell types in asthma. Here, IL4 is linked to asthma.