KL and arteriosclerosis disorder: Although a sensitive and specific assay for circulating Klotho (α-Klotho) has become available recently [14], the relationship between Klotho and the cardiovascular system appears to have been less extensively studied; however, the relationship of klotho gene polymorphisms and the serum soluble Klotho (α-Klotho) concentration with arteriosclerosis has been suggested in some studies [9], [15].