We found significant correlations between survival and methylation at GCM2, NEFM and RGS7. De novo tumour-specific promoter methylation represents an attractive target for developing biomarkers, as methylated tumour DNA can be detected in plasma and urine [36,37] and the methodology to detect CpG promoter TSG methylation is more straightforward than that required to detect the wide variety of inactivating mutations that usually occur in TSGs. This evidence concerns the gene GCM2 and neoplasm.