It has been shown that DCs are involved in the establishment and regulation of T-cell-mediated immunity in mice infected with malaria [20] and that blood-stage P. yoelii 17XL infection induced increased numbers of splenic CD11c+DCs positive for MHC class II, CD80 and CD86, which is consistent with the establishment of the Th1 immune response [20]. The gene discussed is CD86; the disease is malaria.