The most highly upregulated cytokine in DCIS cocultures was HGF, which increased monotonically from MCF10A to MCF10AT1 to MCF10DCIS and was upregulated more than 80-fold in MCF10DCIS and 70-fold in MCF10AT1 direct cocultures (Figure 2A). The gene discussed is HGF; the disease is ductal breast carcinoma in situ.