CD4 and infection: A study of seven patients with congenital CMV infection, six healthy infants who had acquired infection postnatally, and six CMV-seropositive adults found a striking paucity of CMV-specific IF-γ-producing CD4+ cells in congenitally infected infants, compared to the healthy infant and adult controls with CMV infection; however, the congenitally infected infants in this study were asymptomatic, so this study did not exclude a relationship between CD4+ response and symptomatic disease [93].