Those with hypomagnesemia had longer diabetes duration, higher fasting serum glucose and HbA1c, lower ß-cell function, greater prevalence of obesity (BMI ≥30.0 kg/m2), larger waist circumference in males, higher waist-hip-ratio in females, higher systolic and diastolic blood pressures, greater use of blood pressure-lowering medications (especially diuretics), higher urinary albumin:creatinine ratio, and exercised less compared to people with normal serum magnesium levels. The gene discussed is ALB; the disease is obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.