PTGS2 and neoplasm: Regarding previous reports, COX-2 had an important role in invasion and metastasis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma by a variety of pathways [17]–[18].To produce a marked effect, COX-2 was mediated by a series of molecules, for instance, CD44, matrix metalloproteinases and VEGF, lead to promote tumor angiogenesis and invasion, even had contribution to cell proliferation and apoptosis [19].