SERPINA1 and neoplasm: In a case-controlled validation study, the urinary concentrations of our panel of 14 biomarkers (IL-8, MMP-9, MMP-10, SDC1, CCL18, PAI-1, CD44, VEGF, ANG, CA9, A1AT, SPP1, PTX3, and APOE) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in voided urines from 127 patients (64 tumor bearing subjects)[15-18].