Similarly, the list of co-gained genes includes many genes (e.g. CCND2, ETV6, HGF, HSF1, KIT, MDM2, MET and PDGFR) whose overexpression and/or gain-of-function mutation are associated with a various human solid tumors, including MPNST. The gene discussed is MDM2; the disease is malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor.