Positive expression of PAR-2 was observed in 47% (n = 54/115) of tumours and these overexpressed cases showed a significant association with high nodal status, the presence of distant metastases (P = 0.007 and P = 0.002, respectively, data not shown), higher TNM stage (P = 0.000), poor differentiation grade (P = 0.005) and the presence of LVI (P = 0.010). The gene discussed is F2RL1; the disease is neoplasm.