ACE and metabolic syndrome: Notably, they appear sensitive to inhibitory influences of age (with the majority of IHD patients >50 yrs old), disease status (most IHD patients suffer co-morbidities of obesity/dyslipidemia, diabetes, and/or hypertension), and common pharmaceuticals (almost all IHD patients are on ß-blockers, statins, ACE inhibitors or angiotensin II receptor blockers [4].