When all the eligible studies were pooled into the meta-analysis of XRCC1 Arg194Trp polymorphism, significantly increased risk of lung cancer was observed in the recessive model (OR = 1.23, 95% CI = 1.05–1.44, Ph = 0.216, I2 = 18.8%) and additive model (OR = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.04–1.44, Ph = 0.107, I2 = 28.9%). This evidence concerns the gene XRCC1 and lung cancer.