The rates of PSCA and Oct-4 positive expression in adenocarcinoma were significantly higher than the in the pericancerous tissues (χ2 PSCA  =  16.08; χ2 Oct-4 = 14.88;  P < 0.01), polyp (χ2  PSCA = 8.99;  χ2 Oct-4 = 9.39;  P < 0.01), and gallbladder epithelium with chronic cholecystitis (χ2  PSCA = 17.40;  χ2  Oct-4 = 18.16;  P < 0.01). This evidence concerns the gene POU5F1 and Cholecystitis.