The XRCC1 gene is one of the most important candidate genes for HCC, and the association between several SNPs in XRCC1 gene such as Arg194Trp, Arg280His and Arg399Gln and the risk of HCC have been assessed in recent years [13–20]; however, the results from these observations still remain conflicting rather than conclusive. The gene discussed is XRCC1; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.