Next, we investigated whether AR silencing-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines were crucial players in mediating this crosstalk of enhanced LNCaP cell migration since early studies demonstrated that the co-culture of various types of cancer cells with macrophages might increase pro-inflammatory cytokines in the co-cultured conditioned medium (CM) (Alleva et al, 1994; Gleason et al, 1993; Said et al, 2007). This evidence concerns the gene AR and cancer.