STAT3 and posterior cortical atrophy: Consistent with this study, our in vitro and in vivo data demonstrated that targeting AR via siAR in PCa cells reduced PIAS3 expression that could possibly result in STAT3 activation-induced CCL2 expression, which might represent a key step to increase macrophage recruitment, as well as promote further STAT3 activation and EMT in PCa cells that ultimately enhanced PCa invasion at later stages.