The presence of TCF7L2 positive oligodendrocytes in tissue samples from patients with an inflammatory but not demyelinating disease may suggests that also in these inflammatory conditions OPCs differentiate into oligodendrocytes due to an inflammation induced oligodendroglial turnover as it has been reported for experimental models of injury [33] (for review, see 34). The gene discussed is TCF7L2; the disease is demyelinating disease.