Total pancreas inactivation of Vhlh using a Pdx-1-Cre (pancreatic and duodenal homeobox gene-1 promoter) transgenic mouse line causes glucose intolerance, similar to what has been observed in mice with deletion of Vhlh in ß-cells, but no other pancreatic abnormalities are observed [3]. Here, PDX1 is linked to Glucose intolerance.