KLK3 and prostate carcinoma: For example the non-coding RNA prostate cancer antigen 3 (PCA3) has been shown to improve the diagnosis of prostate cancer in a more sensitive and specific manner than the widely used PSA (prostate-specific antigen), and is detectable in urine from patients with prostate cancer [47] while, the highly upregulated in liver cancer (HULC) lncRNA has been detected in blood from patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) [48].