Age 12–44 years (ref) Age 45–64 years (i) Male (ref) Highest income (ref) Lower, middle, upper middle (based on quintiles) household income (i) Residence urban or rural (i) No other chronic conditions except diabetes (ref) No prior hospitalisation (ref), Impact of health problems never experienced (ref) Physically active (ref) Moderately active (i) Never smoked (ref) Occasional alcohol consumption (ref) Former or never consumed alcohol (i) Not currently on insulin (ref) Body mass index (i) Daily fruit and vegetable consumption (i) Unmet health care needs (i). The gene discussed is INS; the disease is diabetes mellitus.