Several studies (including ours) show that loss of PR expression is associated with a more aggressive subset of ER+ breast cancer; however, it is important to note that testing for PR expression currently provides no clinically actionable information in ER+ breast cancer, as patients will receive endocrine therapy regardless of PR status and there is no consensus as to whether knowledge of PR expression by IHC has a role in informing the use of chemotherapy in ER+ breast cancer. This evidence concerns the gene ESR1 and breast carcinoma.