Moreover, rapamycin monotherapy already affected human CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ Treg function directly in vivo as nTreg isolated from T1D patients under rapamycin treatment had an increased capability to suppress proliferation of CD4+CD25− effector T-cells compared with that before treatment, without inducing alterations in the frequency of circulating nTreg and proliferation and cytokine production (62). The gene discussed is FOXP3; the disease is type 1 diabetes mellitus.