Our results demonstrated that low-dose PTX reversed the TGF-β1-induced EMT in A549 cells as well as RLE-6TN cells, and improved the BLM-instilled pulmonary fibrosis in rat lungs with miR-140 upregulation and Smad3/p-Smad3 diminishment. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is pulmonary fibrosis.