High throughput RNA interference (RNAi) screens define a list of NPC components as being necessary host co-factor for HIV-1 infection, including Nup98, Nup85, Nup133, Nup107, Nup160, Nup153, Nup214, Nup358, Nup155, CRM1 (XPO1) and the nuclear import receptor transportin 3 (TNPO3) [46,47,49]. Here, NPC1 is linked to HIV-1 infection.